Identifying Institutional Factors Influencing the Exploitation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Health-Tourism in Iran: a qualitative study of Tehran province
Subject Areas :
Kamal Sakhdari
1
*
,
nader seyedamiri
2
,
Alireza Rajaian
3
,
Javad Sakhdari
4
1 - University of Tehran
2 - University of Tehran
3 - University of Tehran
4 - University of Tehran
Keywords: Entrepreneurship health tourism institutional factors opportunity exploitation ,
Abstract :
Despite many potentials in health tourism in Iran, few entrepreneurial behaviors tried to use them. The nexus theory of actor-opportunity suggests that entrepreneurial behaviors result from a suitable combination of actors and the supporting environment. Institutional factors are among the important elements of a supporting context for entrepreneurship. This qualitative research aimed to identify institutional factors that influenced the exploitation of health-tourism opportunities in Tehran province. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and health tourism experts. Interviewees were selected using targeted and snowball methods. This study took place in Tehran, April to July 2015. We introduced four categories of institutional factors: regulatory, normative, cognitive and supportive. These categories form the essential factors for exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities in health tourism in Iran focusing on the capital city of Tehran.
اسماعیلی، امین؛ اکبرنتاج، حمید؛ عمادی، محمدابراهیم. (1390).«نقش بازاریابی و گردشگری الکترونیک درتوسعه گردشگری سلامت؛ مطالعه موردی: منطقه لاهیجان».اولین همایش ملی گردشگری، سهرمایه¬های ملی،چشم¬انداز آینده. پژوهشکده علوم جغرافیایی. اصفهان. صص 1-10.
پروین محبی، ناعمه؛ خوراکیان، علیرضا؛ فراحی، مهدی. (1396). «اثر کیفیت درک شده خدمات، رضایت و اعتماد گردشگران سلامت بر استفاده مجدد از خدمات درمانی در بیمارستان¬ها و مراکز درمانی شهر مشهد». دوفصلنامه مطالعات اجتماعی گردشگری، سال پنجم. شماره نهم. صص 1-27.
رشیدی، معصومه؛ رامشت، محمد حسین؛ خوشحال دستجردی، جواد. (1391). «گردشگري سلامت در ايران (با تأکيد بر رتبه¬بندي خواص درماني چشمه¬هاي منتخب استان اردبيل)». سلامت و بهداشت اردبیل. دوره سوم، شماره یک. صص 49-57.
سرمد، زهره؛ بازرگان، عباس؛ حجازی، الهه. (1391). روش¬های تحقیق در علوم رفتاری. چاپ بیست و سوم. تهران: آگاه.
شيخ الاسلامي، نازنين؛ رضاييان، محسن؛ بهسون، مريم و تقوي پور، مونا. (1389). «آگاهي و نگرش پزشكان وپرستاران و دانشجويان دانشگاه علوم پزشكي رفسنجان در مورد توريسم پزشكي». مجله تخصصي اپيدمولوژي ايران. سال پنجم. شماره چهارم. صص 25-30.
عربشاهی کریزی، احمد؛ آریانفر، مرتضی. (1392). گردشگری سلامت و قابلیت¬های گردشگری پزشکی-درمانی در ایران. (1392). فصلنامه فضای گردشگری. سال سوم. شماره نهم. صص 133-152.
عظیمی هاشمی، مژگان؛ اصغری، هادی. (1396). «مرور نظام¬مند مطالعات پژوهشی در حوزه مطالعات اجتماعی گردشگری: شواهدی از تحلیل محتوای نشریات علمی پژوهشی کشور». دوفصلنامه مطالعات اجتماعی گردشگری.سال پنجم. شماره نهم. صص 57-96.
مروتی شریف آبادی، علی؛اردکانی، فائزه. (1392).«ارائة مدل توسعة گردشگری سلامت با رویکرد تلفیقی تاپسیس فازی و مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری در استان یزد». مدیریت سلامت. دوره پانزده، شماره پنجاه و پنج. صص 73-88.
Davidsson, P. (2004). Researching entrepreneurship. New York, NY: Springer Verlag.
Davidsson, P. (2008). The entrepreneurship research challenge. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ebrahimzadeh, I., Sakhavar, N., & Taghizadeh, Z. (2013). A comparative study of health tourism in Iran and India. Journal of Subcontinent Researches, 5(5): 51-78.
Fetscherin, M., & Stephano, R.-M. (2016). The medical tourism index: Scale development and validation. Tourism Management, 52, 539–556. Available at: https://doi.org/101016/j.tourman.2015.08.010.
Gartner, W. B. (1988). “Who is an entrepreneur?” is the wrong question. American journal of small business, 12(4), 11-32.
Glaser, B. G. (2008). Doing Quantitative Grounded Theory. Sociology Press.
Han, H., & Hyun, S. S. (2015). Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness. Tourism Management, 46, 20–29.
John, S. P., & Larke, R. (2016). An analysis of push and pull motivators investigated in medical tourism research published from 2000 to 2016. Tourism Review International, 20(2–3), 73–90.
Mahdavi, Y., Mardani, S., Hashemidehaghi, Z., & Mardani, N. (2013). The factors in development of health tourism in Iran. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 1(4), 113–118.
Medical Tourism Association, M. T. A. (2015), Medical Tourism Climate Survey 2015. www.medicaltourismassociation.com/.
Momeni, K., Janati, A., Imani, A., & Khodayari-Zarnaq, R. (2018). Barriers to the development of medical tourism in East Azerbaijan province, Iran: A qualitative study. Tourism Management, 69, 307-316.
North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Peng, M. W. (2013). Global Strategy (2nd ed.). South-Western.
Peng, M. W., Sunny, L. S., Brian, P., & Hao, C. (2009). The institution-based view as a third leg for a strategy tripod. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 23(3), 63–81.
Pirillo, I., & Amenta, F. (2018). Reflections on health tourism and cross-border health care. Int J Travel Med Glob Health, 6(2), 84-85.
Scott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and organizations. Foundations for organizational science. London: A Sage Publication Series.
Shane, S. (2012). Reflections on the 2010 AMR decade award: Delivering on the promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 37(1), 10-20.
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of management review, 25(1), 217-226.
Sobel, R. S. (2008). Testing Baumol: Institutional quality and the productivity of entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 23(6), 641-655.
Stenholm, P., Acs, Z. J., & Wuebker, R. (2013). Exploring country-level institutional arrangements on the rate and type of entrepreneurial activity. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(1), 176-193.
Yeoh, E., Othman, K., & Ahmad, H. (2013). Understanding medical tourists: Word-of mouth and viral marketing as potent marketing tools. Tourism Management, 34, 196–201
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Yu, J. Y., & Ko, T. G. (2012). A cross-cultural study of perceptions of medical tourism among Chinese, Japanese and Korean tourists in Korea. Tourism Management, 33(1), 80–88.
Zahra, S. A. (1991). Predictors and financial outcomes of corporate entrepreneurship: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(4), 259–285.
Zahra, S. A. (2007). Contextualizing theory building in entrepreneurship research. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(3), 443–452.